Logic Breakdown

Passage Summary: Many people think only 'advanced' animals change their surroundings to survive, but even simple creatures like plankton do this by helping create clouds that cool the planet.

Conclusion: The ability of a species to modify its environment for its own benefit is a common trait rather than one reserved for highly evolved species.

Reasoning: Plankton, a relatively simple organism, produce gases that lead to cloud formation, which cools the Earth and creates a more favorable environment for the plankton.

Analysis: This is a classic 'Identify the Conclusion' structure where the author introduces a common belief and then immediately rejects it. The word 'However' in the second sentence signals the author's main claim: that environmental alteration is actually quite common. The detailed description of plankton and cloud formation is not the main point; it is merely a specific example used to support that broader claim. Focus on the sentence that challenges the assumption about 'highly evolved' species.

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11.

Of the following, which one most accurately expresses the main point of the argument?

Correct Answer
C
C captures the main point: improving survival by altering the environment is not limited to highly evolved species. That is exactly what the author argues, using plankton as the counterexample.
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